卡瓦胡椒 Kava

Kava-containing products have been associated with liver-related injuries — including hepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver failure — in over 25 reports of adverse events in other countries.

The Medicines for Human Use (Kava-kava) (Prohibition) Order 2002... prohibits the sale, supply or importation of any medicinal product consisting of or containing Kava-kava. Following reports associating kava with cases of severe hepatotoxicity, Germany's BfArM revoked the marketing authorisations for kava-containing medicinal products in 2002.

Subject to the provisions of this Order, no person shall sell, supply or import for the purpose of sale or supply any medicinal product that consists of or contains Kava-kava... 'Kava-kava' means any plant belonging to the species Piper methysticum.

台灣亦將卡瓦胡椒列為禁用之中藥成分(衛署中字)；卡瓦胡椒因具有潛在的嚴重肝毒性風險，目前在德國、瑞士、加拿大、英國等多國曾受到限制或禁止販售；美國 FDA 於 2002 年已發出消費者警告。

Assessment of the risk of hepatotoxicity with kava products. [WHO, 2007] The objective of this assessment was to examine the safety of kava with a focus on the issue of hepatotoxicity, in view of reports of severe liver injury, including cases of liver failure requiring transplantation, associated with the consumption of kava-containing products.

台灣亦將卡瓦胡椒列為禁用之中藥成分(衛署中字)

卡瓦胡椒（Piper methysticum）不得作為食品原料