Vitamin K for Vascular Calcification
Verdict: Published with Warning
Across 5 PubMed studies, the evidence for Vitamin K in Vascular Calcification grades Tier C — weak evidence. Effective, but with safety or population caveats.
C 🟠 C Weak Evidence Published with Warning
Why this grade7-layer evidence engine
⚖️
Scoring transparency
All scores computed by a 7-layer evidence engine — fully auditableRaw score 0.51
D
C
B
A
S
← counter-evidence / ineffectiveeffective / strong evidence →
Final grade
C · Published with Warning
Confidence
88%
Highly consistent evidence
Evidence level
E2
Multiple high-quality MAs (≥2 independent, consistent)
▸View the full decision path (audit trail)
- compute_raw_score — 加權公式: L2×0.30 + L3×0.25 + L5×0.25 + L11×0.10 + L1×0.10 = 0.506
- tier_from_score — 依分數區間映射至 tier letter
- apply_hec_rules — 高階證據未達主導 (0 positive vs 1 negative)，由 raw_score 決定
- tier_strict_requirement_check — Tier 條件達標，未降階
- detect_disputes — 偵測到 0 個 hard + 0 個 soft dispute
- decide_status — 依 tier + dispute 結果決定 status
PubMed studies (5)L2 · primary research & systematic reviews
Vitamin K supplementation and vascular calcification: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Finding: Pooled across 14 RCTs (1,533 participants), vitamin K supplementation modestly slowed CAC progression (MD = -17.37 Agatston units, 95% CI -34.18 to -0.56, p = 0.04), but the CI nearly crosses zero and no hard cardiovascular outcome was assessed.
View on PubMed Vitamin K2 and D in Patients With Aortic Valve Calcification: A Randomized Double-Blinded Clinical Trial
Finding: In 365 elderly men, 24 months of MK-7 720 ug/day plus vitamin D did not slow AVC progression (mean difference 17 AU, 95% CI -86 to 53, p = 0.64), and coronary artery calcification progression also did not differ from placebo.
View on PubMed Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial of the Effect of Treatment with Vitamin K2 on Vascular Calcification in Hemodialysis Patients (Trevasc-HDK)
Finding: In 178 maintenance hemodialysis patients, MK-7 360 ug thrice weekly for 18 months did not reduce CAC progression versus control (relative mean difference 0.85, 95% CI 0.55-1.31), with no benefit on aortic valve calcification or pulse wave velocity.
View on PubMed Effects of vitamin K supplementation on vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Finding: Across 10 RCTs (733 CKD patients), vitamin K lowered the calcification biomarker dp-ucMGP and mildly improved PWV but produced no significant change in radiologic calcification scores, so the authors found no solid evidence of protection against vascular calcification.
View on PubMed Vitamin K supplementation impact in dialysis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials
Finding: In dialysis patients (830 across RCTs), vitamin K had no effect on mortality and did not reverse calcification scores, though vitamin K1 lowered the dp-ucMGP biomarker more than K2 (SMD -1.64 [-2.05, -1.23] vs -0.56 [-0.82, -0.31]).
View on PubMed Regulatory & authoritative positionsL4/L5 · FDA / EMA / NIH ODS / Cochrane / Mayo …
L4a US FDA
Supportive
Vitamin K1 Injection is indicated for prophylaxis and treatment of vitamin K-deficiency bleeding in neonates source↗
L4b EU EFSA
Supportive
a cause and effect relationship has been established between the dietary intake of vitamin K and normal blood coagulation ... and the maintenance of normal bone source↗
L4c UK NHS
Cautious
You should be able to get all the vitamin K you need by eating a varied and balanced diet. Any vitamin K your body does not need immediately is stored in the liver for future use, so you do not need it in your diet every day. source↗
L4d TW TFDA / 衛福部
Supportive
成年男性 120 微克／日，女性 90 微克／日（足夠攝取量 AI） source↗
L4e WHO
Supportive
vitamin K1 should be given to all newborns as a single, intramuscular dose of 0.5–1 mg source↗
L5a NIH Office of Dietary Supplements
Supportive
Vitamin K, the generic name for a family of compounds with a common chemical structure of 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone, is a fat-soluble vitamin source↗
L5c Cleveland Clinic
Supportive
Vitamin K has been shown to help activate a protein that helps prevent calcium from depositing in your arteries. Calcium deposits contribute to the development of plaque, so vitamin K does a lot of good for your heart health. When calcium builds up in your body, it can lead to hardening (or calcification) of your tissues, organs and blood vessels. People who took in at least 32 micrograms per d… source↗
L5d Harvard Health
Supportive
People with the highest vitamin K1 intakes were 21% less likely to be hospitalized with cardiovascular disease caused by clogged arteries. The risk with vitamin K2 was 14% lower; however, this finding remains more tentative, given that vitamin K2 comes in many different forms that act differently within the body. It appears to help inhibit inflammation and calcium buildup, according to the auth… source↗
L5e Specialty Society (condition-mapped)
Cautious
Vitamin K2 and vitamin D supplements did not slow the progression of calcium deposits on the aortic valves of older men once the process had begun. The randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial tested 720 micrograms of vitamin K2 plus 25 micrograms of vitamin D daily for two years in 365 men aged 65-74 with existing aortic valve calcification, and found no significant differences in va… source↗