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Pterostilbene for Cognitive Function

Verdict: Unverified for cognition: animal data only

There is currently no human evidence that pterostilbene improves memory or cognitive function. Every supporting study is in rodents or cells, so it cannot be considered a proven cognitive aid.

U ⚫ U Unverified Taiwan Regulatory Restriction

🔬Why this grade7-layer evidence engine

This claim is graded Unverified because the entire evidence base for cognition is preclinical. A 2023 narrative review (PMID 37979699) positions pterostilbene as a candidate against cognitive decline but explicitly states human trials are still forthcoming. Animal work is suggestive: in an aluminum-chloride rat model of Alzheimer's, 100 mg/kg improved memory and lowered amyloid-beta and p-tau (PMID 40740154); mouse studies link benefit to SIRT1 neuroprotection (PMID 35496289); and a rat/cell ischemic-dementia study reports restored mitochondrial and synaptic function via cAMP/PKA/CREB (PMID 41712036).

Crucially, no randomized controlled trial or meta-analysis has measured cognition in people. The only published human pterostilbene trial (PMID 23431291) studied cholesterol and cardiovascular safety, not memory, so it offers nothing on this outcome. Animal doses of 40-100 mg/kg also far exceed typical human supplement doses once body-weight scaling is applied.

Clinical and regulatory bodies do not endorse this use. The Alzheimer's Association states that no food, ingredient, or supplement has been proven to benefit cognitive function or brain health, and major clinics offer no position. The FDA has no GRAS notice on file and the EU classifies pterostilbene as an unauthorized Novel Food. A drug-interaction flag (antiplatelet and anticoagulant activity) adds a safety caution.

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Scoring transparency

All scores computed by a 7-layer evidence engine — fully auditable
Raw score 0.44
D
C
B
A
S
← counter-evidence / ineffectiveeffective / strong evidence →
Final grade
U · Taiwan Regulatory Restriction
Confidence
80%
Broadly consistent
Evidence level
E10
Mechanism / case reports / no human evidence

How strongly each layer supports this effect

lower = less supportive
L11 AI re-checkIndependent read
0.20
L2 PubMedPrimary literature
0.40
L1 ExamineGlobal benchmark
0.50
L3 MechanismPlausibility
0.50
L5 Clinical bodiesAuthoritative stance
0.50
Against Mixed Supports
▸View the full decision path (audit trail)
  1. compute_raw_score — 加權公式: L2×0.30 + L3×0.25 + L5×0.25 + L11×0.10 + L1×0.10 = 0.44
  2. tier_from_score — 依分數區間映射至 tier letter
  3. apply_hec_rules — 僅有 E10 級證據 (cohort/animal/mechanism)，不足以下結論
  4. tier_strict_requirement_check — C 級條件未達 (需 E1-E8；實際 E10 僅機轉)
  5. detect_disputes — 偵測到 0 個 hard + 0 個 soft dispute
  6. decide_status — 依 tier + dispute 結果決定 status

📄PubMed studies (4)L2 · primary research & systematic reviews

Pterostilbene Orchestrates Synaptic Remodeling and Mitochondrial Functional Reconstitution to Attenuate Ischemic Vascular Dementia
PMID: 41712036 2026 Animal Study
Finding: Pterostilbene improved neuron viability, enhanced spatial learning/memory in rats, restored mitochondrial function and synaptic plasticity via cAMP/PKA/CREB; p-values not extracted from abstract
🟠 Limited quality
View on PubMed
Evaluating the effectiveness of pterostilbene in improving memory and offering neuroprotection in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease induced by aluminum chloride
PMID: 40740154 2025 Animal Study n = 40
Finding: At 100 mg/kg: spontaneous alternation +42.9%, discrimination index +83.4%, Aβ -83.8%, p-tau -45.5% vs AlCl3 controls
🟠 Limited quality
View on PubMed
SIRT1 Is Involved in the Neuroprotection of Pterostilbene Against Amyloid β 25-35-Induced Cognitive Deficits in Mice
PMID: 35496289 2022 Animal Study
Finding: Pterostilbene attenuated Aβ25-35-induced cognitive deficits in mice via SIRT1-mediated neuroprotection (CAPTCHA blocked full abstract; summary from search snippet)
🟠 Limited quality
View on PubMed
Unlocking the therapeutic potential of natural stilbene: Exploring pterostilbene as a powerful ally against aging and cognitive decline
PMID: 37979699 2023 Animal Study
Finding: Reviews preclinical evidence positioning pterostilbene as candidate against cognitive decline, memory consolidation, AD; explicitly notes human clinical trials still 'forthcoming'
🟠 Limited quality
View on PubMed

🏛️Regulatory & authoritative positionsL4/L5 · FDA / EMA / NIH ODS / Cochrane / Mayo …

L4a US FDA
Cautious
There were no records found that match your search criteria in this inventory. source↗
L4b EU EFSA
Cautious
Pterostilbene (Pterocarpus santalinus) extract (≥ 99%) ... assessed as novel and not authorized for use in food or food supplements unless a pre-market novel food authorisation is granted. source↗
L4e WHO
Cautious
Pterostilbene — CAS 537-42-8 — listed in Health Canada Natural Health Products Ingredients Database (NHPID) as an approved Schedule 1 'isolate' ingredient; source organism cited as Pterocarpus marsupium (stem heartwood). Multiple NPN-licensed products in the LNHPD (e.g. Nutracentials Blueberry Pterostilbene NX, NPN 80052455, containing pTeroPure® pterostilbene 25 mg; Ensonkan NMN+PQQ+Pterostilb… source↗
L5a NIH Office of Dietary Supplements
Cautious
L5e Specialty Society (condition-mapped)
Not addressed
not a single food, beverage, ingredient, vitamin or supplement has been proven to prevent, treat or cure Alzheimer's disease or to benefit cognitive function or brain health. source↗
✓PMID 100% verifiedevery citation checked via NCBI Entrez
🔬4 PubMed studiesindependently re-checked by multiple sub-agents
engine_version: v1.0 claim_id: CLM-COND-cognitive-function-INT-pterostilbene-001 繁體中文版 →