Psyllium Fiber for Cholesterol
Verdict: Published with Warning
Across 4 PubMed studies, the evidence for Psyllium Fiber in Cholesterol grades Tier C — weak evidence. Effective, but with safety or population caveats.
C 🟠 C Weak Evidence Published with Warning
Why this grade7-layer evidence engine
⚖️
Scoring transparency
All scores computed by a 7-layer evidence engine — fully auditableRaw score 0.68
D
C
B
A
S
← counter-evidence / ineffectiveeffective / strong evidence →
Final grade
C · Published with Warning
Confidence
82%
Highly consistent evidence
Evidence level
E2
Multiple high-quality MAs (≥2 independent, consistent)
▸View the full decision path (audit trail)
- compute_raw_score — 加權公式: L2×0.30 + L3×0.25 + L5×0.25 + L11×0.10 + L1×0.10 = 0.675
- tier_from_score — 依分數區間映射至 tier letter
- apply_hec_rules — 高品質 SR/MA 顯示 positive (4 篇 > 0 negative)
- tier_strict_requirement_check — Tier 條件達標，未降階
- detect_disputes — 偵測到 0 個 hard + 0 個 soft dispute
- decide_status — 依 tier + dispute 結果決定 status
PubMed studies (4)L2 · primary research & systematic reviews
Effect of psyllium (Plantago ovata) fiber on LDL cholesterol and alternative lipid targets, non-HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein B: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled …
Finding: Across 28 RCTs, psyllium significantly lowered LDL-C (MD -0.33 mmol/L, 95% CI -0.38 to -0.27), non-HDL-C (MD -0.39 mmol/L, 95% CI -0.50 to -0.27) and apoB (MD -0.05 g/L, 95% CI -0.08 to -0.03); all p<0.0001.
View on PubMed Meta-Analysis of Usefulness of Psyllium Fiber as Adjuvant Antilipid Therapy to Enhance Cholesterol Lowering Efficacy of Statins
Finding: Across 3 RCTs, psyllium plus statin gave a statistically significant LDL-C lowering advantage over statin alone (p=0.001); the added LDL-C reduction was equivalent to doubling the statin dose.
View on PubMed Cholesterol-lowering effects of psyllium intake adjunctive to diet therapy in men and women with hypercholesterolemia: meta-analysis of 8 controlled trials
Finding: Across 8 controlled trials, psyllium adjunctive to a low-fat diet lowered total cholesterol by 4% (p<0.0001) and LDL-C by 7% (p<0.0001), with a 6% reduction in apoB/apoA-I ratio (p<0.05).
View on PubMed Psyllium supplementation and lipid profiles: systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Finding: Across 41 RCTs, psyllium significantly reduced LDL-C (WMD -8.55 mg/dL, 95% CI -12.92 to -4.19, p<0.001) and total cholesterol (WMD -9.05 mg/dL, 95% CI -13.71 to -4.40); triglyceride reduction and HDL-C change were non-significant. Meta-regression found no significant linear dose-response.
View on PubMed Regulatory & authoritative positionsL4/L5 · FDA / EMA / NIH ODS / Cochrane / Mayo …
L4a US FDA
Supportive
Diets low in saturated fat and cholesterol that include [soluble fiber amount] of soluble fiber per day from [psyllium source name] may reduce the risk of heart disease. One serving of [food name] provides ___ grams of this soluble fiber. source↗
L4b EU EFSA
Supportive
L4c UK NHS
Supportive
Ispaghula husk is a laxative taken to treat constipation (difficulty pooing). It works by bulking poo up with fluid so that it's softer. It usually takes 2 or 3 days to work. source↗
L4d TW TFDA / 衛福部
Neutral
洋車前子（殼），列載於「可供食品使用原料彙整一覽表」草、木本植物類；應於產品標示警語「請與足量的水一起食用，對洋車前子過敏者不宜食用」。 source↗
L4e WHO
Supportive
Semen Plantaginis. WHO Monographs on Selected Medicinal Plants, Volume 1 (WHO, Geneva, 1999): the crude drug consists of the dried ripe seeds of Plantago ovata Forssk. (Plantago ispaghula Roxb.); therapeutic uses supported by clinical data include occasional constipation, conditions in which easy defecation with soft stools is desirable (anal fissures, haemorrhoids, after anorectal surgery), an… source↗
L5a NIH Office of Dietary Supplements
Cautious
L5b Mayo Clinic
Cautious
Soluble fiber found in beans, oats, flaxseed and oat bran may keep the body from absorbing some of the cholesterol in other foods, and may lower low-density lipoprotein (LDL) or 「bad」 cholesterol levels in the blood. source↗
L5c Cleveland Clinic
Supportive
L5d Harvard Health
Supportive
L5e Specialty Society (condition-mapped)
Supportive