Phellinus linteus for Cancer Adjunct Therapy

Verdict: Unverified: no human trials support it

As of 2026, there is no completed human randomized trial or clinical meta-analysis showing that Phellinus linteus (sanghuang) helps as an add-on to cancer treatment. The evidence is too thin and conflicted to consider it effective, and it should never replace standard oncology care.

U ⚫ U Unverified Disputed

🔬Why this grade7-layer evidence engine

This grade reflects how little human evidence exists. The only study with actual cancer outcomes is a single retrospective propensity-matched cohort in pancreatic cancer patients after surgery (PMID 30501431, n=217), where Phellinus use was the lone significant predictor of completing adjuvant chemotherapy (p=0.039) and was linked to better survival (p<0.05). But this design cannot rule out selection bias or healthy-user effects, so it falls far short of proof.

The rest of the file is preliminary or non-clinical. A 2020 randomized trial (PMID 32011496) is only a published protocol measuring NK-cell activity—a surrogate, not a cancer endpoint—and has reported no results years later. The 2024 hepatocellular carcinoma work (PMID 38240856) is mouse and cell-culture only, and a 2023 systematic review of its polysaccharides (PMID 36623622) concedes clinical applications are 'still very limited.'

Regulators and major clinics reinforce caution. The FDA lists a Phellinus product (Mesima) on DailyMed as an 'unapproved drug,' a stronger signal than a routine supplement warning, while the American Cancer Society notes dietary supplements 'have generally not been proven to help prevent or treat cancer or its symptoms, and might sometimes even cause harm.' Mayo, Cleveland Clinic, and Harvard do not address it at all.

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Scoring transparency

All scores computed by a 7-layer evidence engine — fully auditable
Raw score 0.43
D
C
B
A
S
← counter-evidence / ineffectiveeffective / strong evidence →
Final grade
U · Disputed
Confidence
58%
Conflicting evidence
Evidence level
E3
Single high-quality meta-analysis

How strongly each layer supports this effect

lower = less supportive
L11 AI re-checkIndependent read
0.20
L2 PubMedPrimary literature
0.40
L3 MechanismPlausibility
0.45
L1 ExamineGlobal benchmark
0.50
L5 Clinical bodiesAuthoritative stance
0.50
Against Mixed Supports
View the full decision path (audit trail)
  1. compute_raw_score — 加權公式: L2×0.30 + L3×0.25 + L5×0.25 + L11×0.10 + L1×0.10 = 0.427
  2. tier_from_score — 依分數區間映射至 tier letter
  3. apply_hec_rules — 無高階證據可裁決
  4. tier_strict_requirement_check — | C→U 因 scope.conflation_risk=true 且 L11 獨評較低 (B7-2 tier cap)
  5. detect_disputes — 偵測到 1 個 hard + 0 個 soft dispute
  6. decide_status — 依 tier + dispute 結果決定 status

📄PubMed studies (4)L2 · primary research & systematic reviews

Potential Impact of Phellinus linteus on Adherence to Adjuvant Treatment After Curative Resection of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
PMID: 30501431 2019 Cohort n = 217
Finding: PL medication was the sole significant predictor of adjuvant-treatment completion (p=0.039); DFS and OS were higher in PL group (p<0.05).
🟠 Limited quality
View on PubMed
Efficacy of Phellinus linteus (sanghuang) extract for improving immune functions: Study protocol for a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled pilot trial
PMID: 32011496 2020 RCT (double-blind)
Finding: Protocol only; no results reported. Cancer adjunct outcomes not evaluated.
🟠 Limited quality
View on PubMed
Phellinus linteus activates Treg cells via FAK to promote M2 macrophage polarization in hepatocellular carcinoma
PMID: 38240856 2024 Cross-sectional n = 12
Finding: PL dose-dependently reduced tumor growth, FAK and M2 macrophages while increasing M1 (p<0.05, p<0.01). In-vitro + mouse only; no human data.
🟠 Limited quality
View on PubMed
Polysaccharides from Phellinus linteus: A systematic review of their extractions, purifications, structures and functions
PMID: 36623622 2023 系統性回顧
Finding: Anti-tumor activity noted at mechanism level; authors state clinical applications of PLPs are 'still very limited' and call for further research. Not a clinical SR.
🟠 Limited quality
View on PubMed

🏛️Regulatory & authoritative positionsL4/L5 · FDA / EMA / NIH ODS / Cochrane / Mayo …

L4a US FDA
Cautious
MESIMA - phellinus linteus mycelium capsule; Marketing Category: unapproved drug other; NDC: 53144-1001; Labeler: Yein Trading & Global Co., Ltd; Manufacturer: Han Kook Sin Yak Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; Marketing Start Date: 2012-12-29 source↗
L4d TW TFDA / 衛福部
Neutral
桑黃(Phellinus linteus)之菌絲體及以椴木栽培之子實體,得作為食品原料使用;惟不得宣稱具有療效(如抗癌、治療腫瘤等),違者依《食品安全衛生管理法》及《健康食品管理法》規定處辦。 source↗
PMID 100% verifiedevery citation checked via NCBI Entrez
🔬4 PubMed studiesindependently re-checked by multiple sub-agents
engine_version: v1.0 claim_id: CLM-COND-cancer-adjunct-INT-phellinus-linteus-001 繁體中文版 →