Fenugreek for Testosterone

Verdict: Weak, industry-funded evidence; little testosterone benefit

Fenugreek earns only a weak (Tier C) rating for raising testosterone. The most rigorous trial found no significant rise in blood testosterone versus placebo, and the modest positive signals come mainly from small, manufacturer-funded studies and from sexual-function endpoints rather than measurable hormone levels.

C 🟠 C Weak Evidence Published with Warning

🔬Why this grade7-layer evidence engine

The strongest single trial undercuts the marketing. A 2024 double-blind RCT of a fenugreek extract (PMID 39288153, n=95) found plasma total testosterone rose only +9.0% versus placebo and missed significance (p=0.122); only saliva testosterone (+37.2%) and the free-testosterone index at the highest dose reached significance, raising selective-reporting concerns. A 2023 meta-analysis in athletes (PMID 37253363, n=449) found just a small effect (SMD 0.32, 95% CI 0.09-0.55) that may not generalize, and a 2020 meta-analysis (PMID 32048383) pooled only four trials without a usable effect size.

Most upbeat studies are compromised. The Testofen (PMID 26791805), Furosap (PMID 28138310) and Fenu-FG (PMID 30356905) trials were industry-funded with manufacturer-affiliated authors; the Furosap study was open-label with no placebo, making its 'free testosterone +46%' claim unreliable. Crucially, the more consistent benefits are improvements in libido and sexual function (morning erections, sexual activity), not measurable serum testosterone, a distinction routinely blurred in advertising.

Regulators and clinics offer no endorsement. The US FDA classifies fenugreek only as a flavoring agent or adjuvant with no approved health claim; EFSA rejected the standardized fenugreek-extract claim; and the WHO monograph lists no uses supported by clinical data, only traditional ones. NIH's Office of Dietary Supplements and the Cleveland Clinic are cautious, and neither the American Urological Association nor the Endocrine Society lists fenugreek for low testosterone. Combined with heavy industry funding, this supports a weak-evidence verdict.

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Scoring transparency

All scores computed by a 7-layer evidence engine — fully auditable
Raw score 0.56
D
C
B
A
S
← counter-evidence / ineffectiveeffective / strong evidence →
Final grade
C · Published with Warning
Confidence
68%
Broadly consistent
Evidence level
E2
Multiple high-quality MAs (≥2 independent, consistent)

How strongly each layer supports this effect

lower = less supportive
L5 Clinical bodiesAuthoritative stance
0.40
L1 ExamineGlobal benchmark
0.50
L11 AI re-checkIndependent read
0.50
L3 MechanismPlausibility
0.65
L2 PubMedPrimary literature
0.75
Against Mixed Supports
View the full decision path (audit trail)
  1. compute_raw_score — 加權公式: L2×0.30 + L3×0.25 + L5×0.25 + L11×0.10 + L1×0.10 = 0.558
  2. tier_from_score — 依分數區間映射至 tier letter
  3. apply_hec_rules — 無高階證據可裁決
  4. tier_strict_requirement_check — | B→C 因 scope.conflation_risk=true 且 L11 獨評較低 (B7-2 tier cap)
  5. detect_disputes — 偵測到 0 個 hard + 1 個 soft dispute
  6. decide_status — 依 tier + dispute 結果決定 status

📄PubMed studies (6)L2 · primary research & systematic reviews

Effect of fenugreek extract supplement on testosterone levels in male: A meta-analysis of clinical trials
PMID: 32048383 2020 統合分析
Finding: Fenugreek extract has a significant effect on total serum testosterone; free testosterone not reported separately. Effect size metrics not available in abstract.
Academic
View on PubMed
The Anabolic Effect of Fenugreek: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis
PMID: 37253363 2023 統合分析 n = 449
Finding: Small but significant effect on total testosterone in male athletes (SMD 0.32, 95% CI 0.09–0.55); no COI declared.
Effect size: SMD 0.32 (95% CI 0.09–0.55)
View on PubMed
Testofen, a specialised Trigonella foenum-graecum seed extract reduces age-related symptoms of androgen decrease, increases testosterone levels and improves sexual function in healthy aging males i…
PMID: 26791805 2016 RCT (double-blind) n = 120
Finding: Both total and free testosterone increased vs placebo after 12 weeks; improvements in morning erections and sexual activity frequency. No p-values or effect sizes reported in abstract.
🟠 Limited quality ⚠️ Industry-funded
View on PubMed
Efficacy of FurosapTM, a novel Trigonella foenum-graecum seed extract, in Enhancing Testosterone Level and Improving Sperm Profile in Male Volunteers
PMID: 28138310 2017 RCT (open-label) n = 50
Finding: Free testosterone improved up to 46% in 90% of participants; no placebo control, no p-values reported. Open-label design severely limits interpretation.
🟠 Limited quality ⚠️ Industry-funded
View on PubMed
Beneficial effects of fenugreek glycoside supplementation in male subjects during resistance training: A randomized controlled pilot study
PMID: 30356905 2016 RCT (double-blind) n = 60
Finding: Significant anabolic and androgenic activity vs placebo reported; specific p-values/effect sizes absent from abstract. Authors affiliated with manufacturer (Indus Biotech).
🟠 Limited quality ⚠️ Industry-funded
View on PubMed
Effect of a plant extract of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) on testosterone in blood plasma and saliva in a double blind randomized controlled intervention study
PMID: 39288153 2024 RCT (double-blind) n = 95
Finding: All doses vs placebo: plasma testosterone +9.0% (p=0.122, NS); saliva testosterone +37.2% (p=0.042); 1800 mg: free testosterone index +12.2% (p=0.025). Plasma total testosterone did NOT reach significance vs placebo.
⚠️ Industry-funded Effect size: Plasma vs placebo: p=0.122 (NS); Saliva vs placebo: +37.2% p=0.042; Free T index (1800 mg): +12.2% p=0.025
View on PubMed

🏛️Regulatory & authoritative positionsL4/L5 · FDA / EMA / NIH ODS / Cochrane / Mayo …

L4a US FDA
Supportive
FLAVORING AGENT OR ADJUVANT source↗
L4b EU EFSA
Against
L4d TW TFDA / 衛福部
Neutral
葫蘆巴;希臘草 / Fenugreek, Goat horn, Cow horn / Trigonella foenum-graecum L. — 草、木本植物類(2) — 種子、葉、芽(苗) — 得作為食品之單一或主要原料 source↗
L4e WHO
Supportive
WHO Monographs on Selected Medicinal Plants, Volume 3 (Geneva, 2007): monograph "Semen Trigonellae Foenugraeci" (p. 338). Uses supported by clinical data — none listed. Uses described in traditional medicine/not yet proven by clinical data: orexigenic (loss of appetite); galactagogue; adjuvant in diabetes mellitus and mild hypercholesterolaemia. External use: local anti-inflammatory (minor skin… source↗
L5a NIH Office of Dietary Supplements
Cautious
L5c Cleveland Clinic
Cautious
L5e Specialty Society (condition-mapped)
Not addressed
PMID 100% verifiedevery citation checked via NCBI Entrez
🔬6 PubMed studiesindependently re-checked by multiple sub-agents
engine_version: v1.0 claim_id: CLM-COND-testosterone-INT-fenugreek-001 繁體中文版 →