Chaste tree for Menopause

Verdict: Weak, disputed evidence for menopause

Chaste tree (Vitex agnus-castus) has only weak and conflicting evidence for menopausal symptoms, so it should not be considered a reliable treatment. Its established use is for premenstrual syndrome, not menopause.

C 🟠 C Weak Evidence Disputed

🔬Why this grade7-layer evidence engine

The clinical record for menopause is thin and contradictory, which is why this earns a weak, disputed grade. Only one small single-center Iranian RCT of Vitex alone (PMID 31067851, n=52) found benefit, improving overall Greene Climacteric scores, anxiety and hot-flush (vasomotor) symptoms, but it showed no effect on depression, physical complaints or sexual function. It has not been independently replicated.

Crucially, the largest and most rigorous trial (PMID 18791483, n=100, 16 weeks, Australia) tested Vitex combined with St. John's wort and found no difference from placebo on hot flushes or any other endpoint. Other 'positive' results come from a combination product also containing Nigella and the antidepressant citalopram (PMID 30129806), or from a tiny 14-person post-hoc subgroup of the negative trial (PMID 19757982) that measured PMS-like, not classic menopausal, symptoms. A 2026 narrative review (PMID 41630367) leans favorable but concedes the trial evidence is insufficient.

Authorities reinforce the caution. The WHO recognizes Vitex for premenstrual syndrome and other gynecological complaints, but not for menopause, and major menopause clinical guidance does not endorse it for hot flashes. The herb's prolactin-lowering mechanism fits PMS far better than the estrogen-decline biology of menopause. It can also interact with hormone therapy, contraceptives and dopaminergic drugs, so consult a clinician before use.

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Scoring transparency

All scores computed by a 7-layer evidence engine — fully auditable
Raw score 0.42
D
C
B
A
S
← counter-evidence / ineffectiveeffective / strong evidence →
Final grade
C · Disputed
Confidence
72%
Broadly consistent
Evidence level
E3
Single high-quality meta-analysis

How strongly each layer supports this effect

lower = less supportive
L5 Clinical bodiesAuthoritative stance
0.31
L2 PubMedPrimary literature
0.45
L3 MechanismPlausibility
0.45
L1 ExamineGlobal benchmark
0.50
L11 AI re-checkIndependent read
0.50
Against Mixed Supports
View the full decision path (audit trail)
  1. compute_raw_score — 加權公式: L2×0.30 + L3×0.25 + L5×0.25 + L11×0.10 + L1×0.10 = 0.425
  2. tier_from_score — 依分數區間映射至 tier letter
  3. apply_hec_rules — 無高階證據可裁決
  4. tier_strict_requirement_check — Tier 條件達標,未降階
  5. detect_disputes — 偵測到 1 個 hard + 0 個 soft dispute
  6. decide_status — 依 tier + dispute 結果決定 status

📄PubMed studies (5)L2 · primary research & systematic reviews

Vitex agnus-castus in Menopause: Phytochemistry, Mechanistic Insights, Clinical Applications, and Safety Perspectives
PMID: 41630367 2026 系統性回顧
Finding: Review concludes VAC extracts appear 'generally safe, effective, and well tolerated' for menopausal symptoms via multi-pathway action on prolactin, ER activity and vasomotor centres, but explicitly states further trials are needed to clarify molecular targets, optimal dose, responsive subgroups and standardised outcome measures.
View on PubMed
Comparison of Vitex agnus-castus Extracts with Placebo in Reducing Menopausal Symptoms: A Randomized Double-Blind Study (Kermanshah)
PMID: 31067851 2019 RCT (double-blind) n = 52
Finding: Vitex group showed significantly lower total menopausal score (p<0.001), anxiety (~3.2-fold lower, p<0.001) and vasomotor dysfunction (~3-fold lower, p<0.001) vs placebo; no significant effect on depression, somatic complaints or sexual dysfunction (p>0.05).
Academic Effect size: Total Greene score, anxiety and vasomotor subscales all p<0.001 vs placebo (effect magnitudes ~3× lower)
View on PubMed
Effects of a combination of Nigella sativa and Vitex agnus-castus with citalopram on healthy menopausal women with hot flashes
PMID: 30129806 2019 RCT (double-blind) n = 46
Finding: Herbal combination + citalopram superior to citalopram + placebo on MENQOL vasomotor (p<0.001), physical (p=0.036) and psychosocial (p=0.001) domains; no significant difference in sexual function (p=0.231). Vitex effect cannot be isolated from Nigella + citalopram co-treatment.
🟠 Limited quality Effect size: MENQOL vasomotor p<0.001; physical p=0.036; psychosocial p=0.001
View on PubMed
Hypericum perforatum with Vitex agnus-castus in menopausal symptoms: a randomized, controlled trial
PMID: 18791483 2009 RCT (double-blind) n = 100
Finding: No significant difference between Hypericum + Vitex combination and placebo on any endpoint, including hot flush frequency; both groups improved over time with no between-group separation, and QoL did not change in either arm. Largest and most rigorous combination trial to date — negative.
🟢 High quality Effect size: Non-significant for all endpoints (between-group)
View on PubMed
Effects of a combination of Hypericum perforatum and Vitex agnus-castus on PMS-like symptoms in late-perimenopausal women: subpopulation analysis
PMID: 19757982 2009 RCT (double-blind) n = 14
Finding: In a small subgroup of 14 late-perimenopausal women the herbal combination was superior to placebo on total PMS-like score (p=0.02), PMS-D depression (p=0.006), PMS-C cravings (p=0.027), anxiety (p=0.003) and hydration (p=0.002); applies to PMS-like symptoms, not classic vasomotor menopausal symptoms.
🟠 Limited quality Effect size: Total PMS p=0.02; anxiety p=0.003; depression p=0.006; cravings p=0.027; hydration p=0.002
View on PubMed

🏛️Regulatory & authoritative positionsL4/L5 · FDA / EMA / NIH ODS / Cochrane / Mayo …

L4a US FDA
Cautious
Doctors use Vitex [an ingredient in FertilHerb for Women] to treat mild endometriosis or prevent its advancement. It has also been effective in treating amenorrhea, which is the lack of menstruation, as well as irregular menstruation, which can hinder fertility greatly. source↗
L4b EU EFSA
Cautious
L4d TW TFDA / 衛福部
Neutral
西洋牡荊(外文名稱 Chaste Berry,學名 Vitex agnus-castus L.)列於食藥署「可供食品使用原料彙整一覽表」,分類為草、木本植物類(1),使用部位為果實;備註欄無特殊使用限量或警語。本平台非屬正面表列,未列載者亦非不得作為食品原料使用。 source↗
L4e WHO
Supportive
Uses supported by clinical data: Orally for the symptomatic treatment of gynaecological disorders including corpus luteum insufficiency and hyperprolactinaemia, premenstrual syndrome, menstrual irregularities, cyclic mastalgia and also to treat hormonally-induced acne. Contraindications: Fructus Agni Casti should not be used during pregnancy. Nursing mothers: ...the use of the crude drug by nur… source↗
L5a NIH Office of Dietary Supplements
Cautious
L5c Cleveland Clinic
Neutral
L5e Specialty Society (condition-mapped)
Against
PMID 100% verifiedevery citation checked via NCBI Entrez
🔬5 PubMed studiesindependently re-checked by multiple sub-agents
engine_version: v1.0 claim_id: CLM-COND-menopause-INT-vitex-001 繁體中文版 →