Astragalus for Immune Function

Verdict: Weak evidence; immune markers shift, outcomes unproven

Astragalus can shift blood immune markers such as the CD4/CD8 ratio in human trials, but these are surrogate measures, and there is no reliable evidence it lowers infections or improves clinical outcomes in healthy people.

C 🟠 C Weak Evidence Published with Warning

🔬Why this grade7-layer evidence engine

Two human meta-analyses lean favorable. A 2023 systematic review (PMID 37952511, n=1094) found lower proinflammatory cytokines and a higher CD3 count and CD4/CD8 ratio (p<0.0001), and a 2025 meta-analysis of 31 RCTs (PMID 40208321, n=2648) found astragalus polysaccharides raised CD3+, CD4+, and the CD4/CD8 ratio (p<0.01), with CD8+ unchanged. An older pilot RCT (PMID 17661330) noted more T-cell activation but reported no p-values.

The grade stays Weak (C) because every result is a surrogate immune marker, not a clinical endpoint such as infection rate or illness duration. Heterogeneity is high, doses and routes were not standardized (some injectable), and the 2025 data come mostly from cancer patients on adjuvant care, so they do not extrapolate cleanly to general immune support in healthy adults.

No major Western authority endorses this use. The FDA lists only tragacanth gum (Astragalus spp.) as a food additive, not an approved immune claim, while EFSA, NHS, WHO, NIH ODS, Mayo Clinic, Cleveland Clinic, and Harvard Health offered no supporting position. A drug-interaction flag with immunosuppressants and heavy affiliate marketing add further reason for caution.

⚖️

Scoring transparency

All scores computed by a 7-layer evidence engine — fully auditable
Raw score 0.58
D
C
B
A
S
← counter-evidence / ineffectiveeffective / strong evidence →
Final grade
C · Published with Warning
Confidence
79%
Broadly consistent
Evidence level
E2
Multiple high-quality MAs (≥2 independent, consistent)

How strongly each layer supports this effect

lower = less supportive
L1 ExamineGlobal benchmark
0.50
L11 AI re-checkIndependent read
0.50
L5 Clinical bodiesAuthoritative stance
0.55
L2 PubMedPrimary literature
0.60
L3 MechanismPlausibility
0.65
Against Mixed Supports
View the full decision path (audit trail)
  1. compute_raw_score — 加權公式: L2×0.30 + L3×0.25 + L5×0.25 + L11×0.10 + L1×0.10 = 0.58
  2. tier_from_score — 依分數區間映射至 tier letter
  3. apply_hec_rules — 高品質 SR/MA 顯示 positive (2 篇 > 0 negative)
  4. tier_strict_requirement_check — | B→C 因 scope.conflation_risk=true 且 L11 獨評較低 (B7-2 tier cap)
  5. detect_disputes — 偵測到 0 個 hard + 0 個 soft dispute
  6. decide_status — 依 tier + dispute 結果決定 status

📄PubMed studies (3)L2 · primary research & systematic reviews

The Effect of Astragalus on Humoral and Cellular Immune Response: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Human Studies
PMID: 37952511 2023 系統性回顧 n = 1,094
Finding: Significant reduction in proinflammatory cytokines and increase in CD3 and CD4/CD8 ratio (p < 0.0001).
Effect size: Cytokines SMD -2.88 (95% CI -3.24 to -2.51); CD3/CD4-CD8 SMD 2.46 (95% CI 1.96-2.97)
View on PubMed
Efficacy and safety of astragalus polysaccharides in patients with malignant tumors: A systematic review and meta-analysis
PMID: 40208321 2025 統合分析 n = 2,648
Finding: APS improved CD3+ (MD 8.79), CD4+ (MD 7.94) and CD4/CD8 ratio (MD 0.40), all p < 0.01; CD8+ unchanged (p=0.242).
Government Effect size: CD4/CD8 ratio MD 0.40 (95% CI 0.28-0.52); efficacy RR 1.30 (95% CI 1.21-1.39)
View on PubMed
The effect of Echinacea purpurea, Astragalus membranaceus and Glycyrrhiza glabra on CD25 expression in humans: a pilot study
PMID: 17661330 2007 RCT (double-blind)
Finding: Astragalus produced notable increases in T-cell activation (CD25); pilot study, no p-values reported.
🟠 Limited quality Government
View on PubMed

🏛️Regulatory & authoritative positionsL4/L5 · FDA / EMA / NIH ODS / Cochrane / Mayo …

L4a US FDA
Cautious
TRAGACANTH, GUM (ASTRAGALUS SPP.) source↗
L4d TW TFDA / 衛福部
Neutral
215種『可同時提供食品使用之中藥材』 source↗
PMID 100% verifiedevery citation checked via NCBI Entrez
🔬3 PubMed studiesindependently re-checked by multiple sub-agents
engine_version: v1.0 claim_id: CLM-COND-immune-function-INT-astragalus-001 繁體中文版 →