Phosphatidylserine for ADHD
Phosphatidylserine shows only a small, inconsistent signal for ADHD, mostly limited to inattention; it is not an established treatment and should not replace evidence-based ADHD care.
Why this grade7-layer evidence engine
The grade is weak (Tier C) because the trial base is small, mixed, and low in quality. The only meta-analysis (PMID 33539192, n=216) found a significant effect solely on inattention (SMD 0.36, p=0.01), while overall ADHD symptoms (p=0.07) and hyperactivity-impulsivity (p=0.09) were not significant, and the authors rated the overall evidence as low quality.
The supporting trials are fragile. A double-blind RCT (PMID 23495677, Hirayama) reported symptom improvement but enrolled just 36 children with undisclosed funding, and the larger PS-Omega3 trial (PMID 21807480, Manor) reached significance mainly in a hyperactive/impulsive subgroup with mood dysregulation rather than the full sample. A 2024 placebo-controlled trial in children with epilepsy (PMID 38173190) found no benefit and was underpowered.
No authority endorses the use. The US FDA addresses phosphatidylserine only for elderly cognition, EFSA rejected its cognitive and stress claims, and Cleveland Clinic merely relays marketing language while noting the FDA has not approved it to treat any condition. Stimulants and behavioral therapy remain first-line ADHD care.
Scoring transparency
All scores computed by a 7-layer evidence engine — fully auditable▸View the full decision path (audit trail)
- compute_raw_score — 加權公式: L2×0.30 + L3×0.25 + L5×0.25 + L11×0.10 + L1×0.10 = 0.58
- tier_from_score — 依分數區間映射至 tier letter
- apply_hec_rules — 高階證據未達主導 (0 positive vs 1 negative)，由 raw_score 決定
- tier_strict_requirement_check — | B→C 因 scope.conflation_risk=true 且 L11 獨評較低 (B7-2 tier cap)
- detect_disputes — 偵測到 0 個 hard + 0 個 soft dispute
- decide_status — 依 tier + dispute 結果決定 status